13.040.20 (Ambient atmospheres) 标准查询与下载

ASTM D1607-91(2011) 大气二氧化氮含量的标准试验方法(格里斯-沙耳茨曼反应)

Nitrogen dioxide plays an important role in photochemical smog-forming reactions and, in sufficient concentrations, is deleterious to health, agriculture, materials, and visibility. In combustion processes, significant amounts of nitric oxide (NO) may be produced by combination of atmospheric nitrogen and oxygen; at ambient temperatures NO can be converted to NO2 by oxygen and other atmospheric oxidants. Nitrogen dioxide may also be generated from processes involving nitric acid, nitrates, the use of explosives, and welding.1.1 This test method covers the manual determination of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in the atmosphere in the range from 4 to 10 000 μg/m3 (0.002 to 5 ppm(v)) when sampling is conducted in fritted-tip bubblers. 1.2 For concentrations of NO2 in excess of 10 mg/m3 (5 ppm(v)), as occur in industrial atmospheres, gas burner stacks, or automotive exhaust, or for samples relatively high in sulfur dioxide content, other methods should be applied. See for example Test Method D1608. 1.3 The maximum sampling period is 60 min at a flow rate of 0.4 L/min. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See also 7.2.2 for other precautions.

Standard Test Method for Nitrogen Dioxide Content of the Atmosphere (Griess-Saltzman Reaction)

ASTM D3268-91(2011) 大气中微粒物和气态氟化物(碳酸氢钠涂层玻璃管和微粒过滤器法)分离和收集的标准试验方法

The sodium bicarbonate coated tube filter method provides a means of separating and collecting atmospheric gaseous fluoride and particulate fluoride samples. Since the samples are collected on the dry tube and filter, the fluoride may be eluted with a small volume of eluant (see Section 10 for specific instructions on fluoride elution). Elution into a small volume and the sensitivity of the analytical methods employed allow the analysis of the collected fluoride to fractional parts of a microgram per cubic metre on samples taken for a 12-h period.1.1 The sodium bicarbonate-coated glass tube and membrane filter method provides a means for the separation and collection of gaseous atmospheric forms of fluoride reactive with sodium bicarbonate and particulate forms of fluoride which are collected by a filter. The test method is applicable to 12-h sampling periods, collecting 1 to 500 μg of gaseous fluoride at a 15 L/min (0.5 ft3/min) sampling rate or about 0.1 to 50 μg/m3. The length of the sampling period can therefore be adjusted so that the amount of fluoride collected will fall within this range. The actual lower limit of the test method will depend upon the sensitivity of the analytical method employed and the quality of reagents used in tube preparation and analysis. It is recommended that the lower limit of detection should be considered as two times the standard deviation of the monthly arithmetic mean blank value. Any values greater than the blank by less than this amount should be reported as “blank value.” 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The inch-pound units in parentheses may be approximate. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Separation and Collection of Particulate and Gaseous Fluorides in the Atmosphere (Sodium Bicarbonate-Coated Glass Tube and Particulate Filter Method)

ASTM D3267-91(2000)e1 大气中的颗粒和水溶性气态氟化物的分离和收集的标准试验方法(过滤器和冲击式采样器法)

1.1 This test method provides a procedure for separation and collection on a chemically treated filter and in an impinger of particulate and water-soluble gaseous fluoride in the atmosphere. The sampling rate may vary from 30 L/min (1.0 ft3/min) to 15 L/min (0.5 ft3/min) for longer sampling periods depending on the atmospheric fluoride concentration. This test method is not intended to be applied to gaseous fluorine compounds that are not water-soluble 1.2 There are several limitations of the test method: 1.2.1 Although the acid-treated, medium retentive, prefilter has been shown to allow passage of HF, it will restrict passage of particulate matter only as small as about 1 [mu]m. Thus, smaller particulate matter may pass through the filter and be collected in or pass through the impingers. 1.2.2 The maximum sample volume to be taken using this test method prior to changing the acid-treated prefilter is recommended as 12 m . This recommendation is made to minimize any effects due to particulate matter build-up. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Notes 1 and 4.

Standard Test Method for Separation and Collection of Particulate and Water-Soluble Gaseous Fluorides in the Atmosphere (Filter and Impinger Method)

ASTM D1607-91(2000)e1 大气中二氧化氮含量的标准试验方法(Griess-Saltzman)反应)

1.1 This test method covers the manual determination of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in the atmosphere in the range from 4 to 10 000 ug/m3 (0.002 to 5 ppm(v)) when sampling is conducted in fritted-tip bubblers. 1.2 For concentrations of NO2 in excess of 10 mg/m3 (5 ppm(v)), as occur in industrial atmospheres, gas burner stacks, or automotive exhaust, or for samples relatively high in sulfur dioxide content, other methods should be applied. See for example Test Method D1608. 1.3 The maximum sampling period is 60 min at a flow rate of 0.4 L/min. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See also 7.2.2 for other precautions.

Standard Test Method for Nitrogen Dioxide Content of the Atmosphere (Griess-Saltzman Reaction)

ASTM D3266-91(2011) 大气中微粒物和酸性气态氟化物(采用双纸带取样器法)分离和收集的标准试验方法

This test method provides a means of automatically separating and collecting atmospheric particulate and acidic gaseous fluoride samples. Since the samples are collected on dry tapes, the samples are in a form which allows elution of the fluoride content with a small volume of eluent. Consequently, the method allows analyses of air samples taken for a time period as short as several minutes.1.1 This test method describes the automatic separation and collection on chemically treated paper tapes of particulate and gaseous forms of acidic fluorides in the atmosphere by means of a double paper tape sampler. The sampler may be programmed to collect and store individual air samples obtained over time periods from several minutes to 3 h. A 30.5-m (100-ft) tape will allow unattended operation for the automatic collection of up to 600 samples. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Automated Separation and Collection of Particulate and Acidic Gaseous Fluoride in the Atmosphere (Double Paper Tape Sampler Method)

ASTM D3266-91(2005) 大气中粒状物及酸性气态氟化物自动分离及收集的标准试验方法(双纸带取样法)

This test method provides a means of automatically separating and collecting atmospheric particulate and acidic gaseous fluoride samples. Since the samples are collected on dry tapes, the samples are in a form which allows elution of the fluoride content with a small volume of eluent. Consequently, the method allows analyses of air samples taken for a time period as short as several minutes.1.1 This test method describes the automatic separation and collection on chemically treated paper tapes of particulate and gaseous forms of acidic fluorides in the atmosphere by means of a double paper tape sampler. The sampler may be programmed to collect and store individual air samples obtained over time periods from several minutes to 3 h. A 30.5-m [100-ft] tape will allow unattended operation for the automatic collection of up to 600 samples.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in brackets are for information only.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Automated Separation and Collection of Particulate and Acidic Gaseous Fluoride in the Atmosphere (Double Paper Tape Sampler Method)

ASTM D3267-91(2005) 大气中粒子及水溶性气态氟化物分离及收集的标准试验方法(滤器法及冲击滤尘器法)

This test method provides a means of separation and collection of particulate and water soluble gaseous fluoride and provides samples that are convenient to analyze.1.1 This test method provides a procedure for separation and collection on a chemically treated filter and in an impinger of particulate and water-soluble gaseous fluoride in the atmosphere. The sampling rate may vary from 30 L/min (1.0 ft3/min) to 15 L/min (0.5 ft3/min) for longer sampling periods depending on the atmospheric fluoride concentration. This test method is not intended to be applied to gaseous fluorine compounds that are not water-soluble1.2 There are several limitations of the test method:1.2.1 Although the acid-treated, medium retentive, prefilter has been shown to allow passage of HF, it will restrict passage of particulate matter only as small as about 1 m. Thus, smaller particulate matter may pass through the filter and be collected in or pass through the impingers.1.2.2 The maximum sample volume to be taken using this test method prior to changing the acid-treated prefilter is recommended as 12 m3. This recommendation is made to minimize any effects due to particulate matter build-up.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.For specific precautionary statements, see 7.2 and 7.4.6.

Standard Test Method for Separation and Collection of Particulate and Water-Soluble Gaseous Fluorides in the Atmosphere (Filter and Impinger Method)

ASTM D3266-91(2000)e1 在大气中自动分离和收集颗粒和酸性气态氟化物的标准测试方法（双纸带取样器方法）

1.1 This test method describes the automatic separation and collection on chemically treated paper tapes of particulate and gaseous forms of acidic fluorides in the atmosphere by means of a double paper tape sampler. The sampler may be programmed to collect and store individual air samples obtained over time periods from several minutes to 3 h. A 30.5-m (100-ft) tape will allow unattended operation for the automatic collection of up to 600 samples. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Automated Separation and Collection of Particulate and Acidic Gaseous Fluoride in the Atmosphere (Double Paper Tape Sampler Method)

ASTM F1129-88(1995)e1 用含水泡沫控制不溶挥发性液体产生的蒸气危害的标准指南

1.1 This guide restricts itself to addressing the application of foam to water immiscible liquid and some water reactive compounds with boiling points above 15176;C for vapor control or fire suppression of land spill or contained spills on water.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For hazard statements, see Section 10.

Standard Guide for Using Aquious Foams to Control the Vapor Hazard from Immiscible Volatile Liquids

ASTM D4323-84(2003) 反射系数变化速率法对大气中硫化氢含量的标准试验方法

Hydrogen sulfide is an odorous substance which is offensive even at low concentrations in the atmosphere and toxic at higher levels. It may be a product of biological processes in the absence of oxygen, as may occur in municipal garbage landfills. It is emitted from geothermal sources, occurs in oil and gas, and may be emitted from industrial processes. Measurement is required for air pollution studies, for pollution control, and for plume characterization. Equipment described is suitable for fixed site or for mobile monitoring.1.1 This test method covers the automatic continuous determination of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in the atmosphere or in gaseous samples in the range from one part per billion by volume (1 ppb/v) to 3000 ppb/v. Information obtained may be used for air-pollution studies and to monitor for emission sources. 1.2 The range may be extended by appropriate dilution techniques or by equipment modification. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (See 6.2, 6.3, and 6.4 for specific safety precautionary statements.)

Standard Test Method for Hydrogen Sulfide in the Atmosphere by Rate of Change of Reflectance

ASTM D3270-80 大气和植物组织中氟化物含量分析的标准方法（半自动法）

Standard Method for Analysis for Fluoride Content of the Atmosphere and Plant Tissues (Semiautomated Method)